I've seen a couple people ask questions about their browsers not working in desktop mode for Windows 8, and none of them were answered. I've got the same problem with mine, however it's any application that runs in desktop mode.
Problem: NO application running desktop mode has internet, games, browsers, chat programs...nothing.
History:
-Was running Windows 7 Ultimate and upgraded to Windows 8, choosing to migrate over all my applications files and personal settings.
-Metro style apps and browsers have no problems accessing the internet
Attempts:
-attempted to reset IE 10 Desktop mode to all default settings, clearing browser cache, SSL slate, and resetting to default.
-attempted to reinstall chrome.
-running CMD prompt in desktop mode, able to ping and use DNS as normal
-Windows 8 defender is disabled, running MS Forefront for AV.
-forcibly set my adapter DNS to a google dns 8.8.8.8
Any idea's what to try next?