I have experienced the same problem that you have in trying to upgrade to Windows 8 Pro. I went through all the suggestions posted on this site and was still unable to complete the upgrade and consistently received the same error message.
Spent a total of 5 days trying. I was finally able to complete the upgrade by doing the following:
(1) Removed my antivirus software (was using Avast Antivirus).
(2) Removed all software that had anything to do with system maintenance (i.e., Advance System Care, CCleaner, Wise Registry Cleaner, Wise Disk Cleaner, Malwarebytes, Smart Defrag, etc.)
(3) Last, and very important, go to your Bios and see if you have an Anti Surge Support control listed. If so, disable it. Exit the Bios and save the change.
After performing these actions, the upgrade went fine.