I keep getting the message "Windows detected a hard disk problem".  

I thought a tool of the OS should tell me the details of the problem. I ran chkdsk twice, but could not find any problem?

However, HDTune find three damaged blocks(screen capture will be in the following post because each post can have no more than two images). 

Any tip to cope with this will be greatly appreciated.  I plan to replace this 4-year old drive.  In the meantime, I hope there is a way for chkdsk to find and mark the bad blocks so that I can continue using this HD one way or an

Hong

If windows is telling you that the HD is failing it may well simply be reporting the SMART results passed to it by the HD.  It is not a question of bad blocks as windows automatically moves the data and marks the block as bad. 

CHKDSK has no way of knowing what results the HD hardware passed to the OS.

You should be backing up your data.  This is serious.

Thank you for the elucidation. I will back up and replace the HD ASAP.

Back up data and then find some softwares to evaluate your HD.

The S.M.A.R.T. status is bad indeed.

I have realized the chkdsk without any options does only very basic checking. "chkdsk /r" which implies "chkdsk /f) does thorough checking. It has found bad clusters:

Hong

Those bad sectors may not have been bad in the first CHKDSK and it is a further sign of trouble.

The main reason that I think chkdsk without options does basic checking is it takes only a few minutes for it to complete while "chkdsk /r" takes a few hours. I thought their checkings must be quite different.

Hong

You mean you ran CHKDSK without any switches?  Yes that would take a lot less time.  TBH I had never tried running chkdsk with no switches.

Yes. It seems that only basic checking can be done without dismounting a drive that is in use.

Hong.

That is correct.

In case it is useful information, the HD became unusable within 48 hours. This shows SMART warning needs to be heeded immediately and seriously.  Thanks to your tips, I had the chance to back up everything. Now, the new replacement HD is working fine.