Machine:
Windows Server 2008 (R1) 64bit SP1

Problem:

Cannot install SP2 (You need to install SP1 before continuing)
However the OS was installed INCLUDING SP1, no slipstream, just a genuine MS ISO!

What I tried to fix the problem:

1. Looked in CBS.log for problems, found these entry's

2014-07-31 17:34:12, Error                 CBS    Failed to resolve child of Package: Windows-Management-Framework-Core~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~7.0.6002.18181. hr: 0x800b0100

2. Ran the SUR v34 on the system (KB947824), and looked up checksur.log, found these entry's

(f) CBS MUM Missing 0x00000002 servicing\Packages\Windows-Management-Framework-Core-TopLevel~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~7.0.6002.18171.mum  
(f) CBS MUM Missing 0x00000002 servicing\Packages\Windows-Management-Framework-Core~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~7.0.6002.18171.mum  

So, first I downloaded KB968930 (which should contain the missing files) and extracted the files.
The files in the CAB file were a different version: ~~7.0.6002.18181.mum, so this files I can not use!
(tried, but SUR won't grab these files. Also renamed them, but SUR won't grab them!)

3. Installed another fresh W2k8sp1 server (on my hyper-v box), and looked for the files, not there, only the newer ones (1818)! checked multiple times through the windows update process, but the version I need is never written to disk.

4. Tried to install KB968930 manually, does not succeed.

5. Ran sfc /scannow several times

Someone has a suggestion?

Logfiles can be provided!

http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows7/What-is-the-System-Update-Readiness-Tool?SignedIn=1

Then post the complete contents of;
%SYSTEMROOT%\Logs\CBS\CheckSUR.log

Complete CheckSUR.log;

=================================
Checking System Update Readiness.
Binary Version 6.0.6002.23186
Package Version 24.0
2014-08-01 08:28

Checking Windows Servicing Packages

Checking Package Manifests and Catalogs

Checking Package Watchlist

Checking Component Watchlist

Checking Packages
(f)	CBS MUM Missing	0x00000002	servicing\Packages\Windows-Management-Framework-Core-TopLevel~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~7.0.6002.18171.mum		
(f)	CBS MUM Missing	0x00000002	servicing\Packages\Windows-Management-Framework-Core~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~7.0.6002.18171.mum		

Checking Component Store

Summary:
Seconds executed: 1099
 Found 2 errors
  CBS MUM Missing Total count: 2

Unavailable repair files:
	servicing\packages\Windows-Management-Framework-Core-TopLevel~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~7.0.6002.18171.mum
	servicing\packages\Windows-Management-Framework-Core~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~7.0.6002.18171.mum
	servicing\packages\Windows-Management-Framework-Core-TopLevel~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~7.0.6002.18171.cat
	servicing\packages\Windows-Management-Framework-Core~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~7.0.6002.18171.cat


Checking CoreOS key for repairing corruptions.
Winner version: 6.0.6001.18000.
Processor architecture: amd64.
Check key to be repaired: wcm://Microsoft-Windows-CoreOS?version=6.0.6001.18000&language=neutral&processorArchitecture=amd64&publicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35&versionScope=nonSxS&scope=allUsers\metadata\elements\ComputerName
Recreated value: @_type.
Recreated value: @dataOnly.
Recreated value: @default.
Recreated value: @description.
Recreated value: @displayName.
Recreated value: @handler.
Recreated value: @legacyName.
Recreated value: @legacyType.
Recreated value: @migrate.
Recreated value: @scope.
Recreated value: @xsd:type.
Check key to be repaired: wcm://Microsoft-Windows-CoreOS?version=6.0.6001.18000&language=neutral&processorArchitecture=wow64&publicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35&versionScope=nonSxS&scope=allUsers\metadata\elements\ComputerName
Recreated value: @_type.
Recreated value: @dataOnly.
Recreated value: @default.
Recreated value: @description.
Recreated value: @displayName.
Recreated value: @handler.
Recreated value: @legacyName.
Recreated value: @legacyType.
Recreated value: @migrate.
Recreated value: @scope.
Recreated value: @xsd:type.