So this basically means : There is no way whatsoever to use an E1 (or even E3) account to log on to OneDrive, Technet, Outlook.com, etc. Correct ?
That's the understanding I have, yes.
MSFT keep suggesting that "a lot of things are going to change for the better when Windows10 is launched", but I don't know if that is going to help with this particular aspect or not...
In Windows8.1, when domain-joined to your on-premises Active Directory, you can use an on-Premises AD user identity.
The end-user can then "link" a Microsoft Account, on the Win8.1 pc, to the AD user account (which gives a kind of single-sign-on experience).
And, an on-premises AD can be federated or synchronised to your O365 tenant.
Maybe it might be possible to hook all of that up together, and that *might* get you what you're looking for ?
I haven't tried all that stuff. It sounds fairly clunky to me :(