I have set up the new dev and after adding backups from Prod environment for managed metadata service, content type hub and content databases for site collections it has become very slow.

Its a stand alone server with SQL with 24GB RAM.

I have my databases and Microsoft Office Servers folder i.e Microsoft SharePoint Server 2013 installed on D:\ drive.
Have blob cache enabled and distributed cache started. 

How can I improve the performance of my dev environment?

Queries:

Is it a good idea to put the databases on a separate drive?
Should the blob cache, cache profile settings, page output cache be enabled on dev environment?
Should I have distributed cached turned on or not?

Thanks in advance

What aspect of performance is slow?

Have you capped the SQL memory? I like sticking it at about 4GB.

BLOB cache and other caching won't make a huge difference for a dev environment used by a single user, in fact they can slow things down in some circumstances.

I would leave DC enabled but don't expect it to make things faster in your environment, it's great in large scale farms but when it scales down it can be temperamental. Keep it to make sure your dev environment is a good representation. 

It should be fine with the amount of RAM you allocated as long as you are limiting SQL memory and limit Search activities (Crawl once a month or no crawl).  Also, have at least 4 Virtual Core on on your VM.