As a new SCCM engineer, I know a little. But my project manager asked me how much time it takes for installing and configuring SCCM client on a single work laptop(Please correct me if Im wrong)?

The client itself takes minutes. 

You talking about the client or the actual ConfigMgr solution? 

I am talking about SCCM client. My colleague was given a laptop and he asked me about the time it takes to install and configure SCCM client on his machine So he can deploy application packages etc., through it.

I'm still unclear as to your requirements.

The client install takes minutes but you cannot deploy apps/packages through it. 

ConfigMgr itself is the deployment mechanism. The laptop is the targeted device will download the install the packages